Saidov Behruz Badridinovich, Isfandiyori Sadullo, Huseynzoda Nasimjon Burikhon

Annotation: 

In the context of the rapid development of modern wireless technologies, particularly fifth-generation (5G) systems, the requirements for antenna systems in terms of directivity, gain coefficient, and radiation stability are significantly increasing. The use of multidielectric concentrators as part of antennas for 5G networks provides opportunities for the formation of highly directional radiation patterns, reduction of power losses, and reliable data transmission at millimeter-wave frequencies. This paper presents a theoretical and experimental study of the radio channel parameters of fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication networks. The physical and stochastic processes determining data transmission quality—such as attenuation, diffraction, reflection, and scattering of electromagnetic waves—are analyzed. A mathematical model has been developed that takes into account the influence of distance to the base station, attenuation coefficient, and noise level on the received signal power, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), channel capacity, and bit error rate (BER). Based on simulation results, the dependencies of the main channel characteristics on distance were obtained in the range of 10–200 meters. It was established that as the distance increases, the channel capacity decreases exponentially, while the probability of errors increases. A threshold region of reliable data transmission (up to 100 meters) was identified, where the SNR exceeds 10 dB. The obtained results can be used in the design, optimization, and implementation of 5G and 6G communication systems, as well as in assessing the stability of radio channels under multipath propagation and electromagnetic interference conditions.

Keywords: 5G, radio channel, attenuation, channel capacity, signal-to-noise ratio, bit error rate, modeling.